随着疫情的发展， 英国首相BORIS JOHNSON在3月20日周五下令马上/尽快关闭所有酒吧，夜总会和餐馆，并且公布了史无前例的商业扶持措施， 来减少大批员工失业。

首相宣布，英国所有餐饮， 咖啡店， 酒吧， 健身房，剧院，和电影院从2020年3月20日晚关闭， 外卖可照常进行。

This includes a package of measures to support businesses including: 对生意帮助的更多具体措施如下：

1. a Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme保住工作的帮助

• 对于疫情的原因暂时不需要/无工作的员工， 政府希望生意能继续雇佣他们。 生意可以向政府报销80%的月工资， 每人每月最多不超过2500英镑。
• 所有在英国的生意都有资格。
•  该计划适用三个月。
• 申请方法是： 通过HMRC的网上平台申请， 该平台正在紧急设计，使用细节会在日后公布。

• deferring VAT and Income Tax payments推迟交增值税和收入所得税

• VAT：3月20日-6月20日之间的VAT延迟交。
• 3月20日-6月20日之间的VAT延迟到交2020-2021年度的VAT时候交。
• HMRC正常退款VAT
• 所有在英国的生意都符合资格， 不需要申请。
• 自雇的人， 7月31日的个人所得税推迟到2021年1月31日支付。

• a Statutory Sick Pay relief package for SMEs新冠病毒-病假

• 如果生意/企业支付病假工资， 政府可报销员工14天的新冠病假的工资。
• 可以享受这一资格的生意是2020年2月28日后显示雇佣人数在250人以下的所有在英国的中小型企业。
• 员工需要拨打NHS 111电话，或到NHS网站上填写获得病假证明
• 雇主要保留病假记录和病假条。
• 政府正在建立返款渠道和平台

• a 12-month business rates holiday for all retail, hospitality, leisure and nursery businesses in England地税：

• 餐饮，零售，娱乐，幼儿园可以享受12个月的地税假期。免除2020-2021的地税。
• 如果您的生意符合2019-2020年地税优惠政策， 现在已经收到地税单， 但不是0， 不需要支付。 地方政府将重新计算和颁发0 的账单。
• 在英格兰的生意有资格。不包括威尔士和苏格兰地区。
• 不用申请， 自动生效和受益。 地方政府会重新发更新的账单。

• small business grant funding of £10,000 for all business in receipt of small business rate relief or rural rate relief地税

商业价值在低于51000英镑的餐饮和零售小型生意可以获得现金补助。

• 商业价值在15000英镑以下的可以获得10，000的现金补助
• 资格： 在英格兰地区
• 申请： 无需申请。
• 颁发： 地方政府会写信给您， 并安排如何发放资金。

• grant funding of £25,000 for retail, hospitality and leisure businesses with property with a rateable value between £15,000 and £51,000地税

    商业价值在低于51000英镑的餐饮和零售小型生意可以获得现金补助。

• 商业价值在15000-51000英镑之间的可以获得25，000的现金补助。
• 资格： 在英格兰地区
• 申请： 无需申请。
• 颁发： 地方政府会写信给您， 并安排如何发放资金。

• the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme offering loans of up to £5 million for SMEs through the British Business Bank帮助中小型生意的贷款帮助

• 从3月23日开始， 中小型企业可以向银行申请贷款和透支。
• 政府会向银行保证80%， 不向企业收保证费用， 贷款最高金额可达到5百万英镑。
• 资格：所有在英国的企业和生意，营业额少于4千5百万。
• 开始时间： 3月23日。
• 执行银行： 40多个。
• 需要资料： 商业计划 Business plan

• a new lending facility from the Bank of England to help support liquidity among larger firms, helping them bridge coronavirus disruption to their cash flows through loans 对大型企业的借款帮助， 原文见下面。

• Insurance生意保险：

• 如果您的生意保险条款包括Pandemic,或政府命令影响生意， 保险公司应该赔偿， 但是绝大多数的生意保险不包括这2种情况，
• 看看您的保险的条款里是否写着：pandemics and government-ordered closure should be covered

如果您的店铺是在威尔士和苏格兰地区， 请留意当地政府最新消息 。

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以上是对政策的重点分析和翻译。 英文全文见如下：请仔细阅读。

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Support for businesses through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme

Under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, all UK employers will be able to access support to continue paying part of their employees’ salary for those employees that would otherwise have been laid off during this crisis.

Eligibility

All UK businesses are eligible.

How to access the scheme

You will need to:

• designate affected employees as ‘furloughed workers,’ and notify your employees of this change – changing the status of employees remains subject to existing employment law and, depending on the employment contract, may be subject to negotiation
• submit information to HMRC about the employees that have been furloughed and their earnings through a new online portal (HMRC will set out further details on the information required)

HMRC will reimburse 80% of furloughed workers wage costs, up to a cap of £2,500 per month. HMRC are working urgently to set up a system for reimbursement. Existing systems are not set up to facilitate payments to employers.

If your business needs short term cash flow support, you may be eligible for a Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan.

Support for businesses through deferring VAT and Income Tax payments

We will support businesses by deferring Valued Added Tax (VAT) payments for 3 months. If you’re self-employed, Income Tax payments due in July 2020 under the Self-Assessment system will be deferred to January 2021.

VAT

For VAT, the deferral will apply from 20 March 2020 until 30 June 2020.

Eligibility

All UK businesses are eligible.

How to access the scheme

This is an automatic offer with no applications required. Businesses will not need to make a VAT payment during this period. Taxpayers will be given until the end of the 2020 to 2021 tax year to pay any liabilities that have accumulated during the deferral period. VAT refunds and reclaims will be paid by the government as normal.

Income Tax

For Income Tax Self-Assessment, payments due on the 31 July 2020 will be deferred until the 31 January 2021.

Eligibility

If you are self-employed you are eligible.

How to access the scheme

This is an automatic offer with no applications required.

No penalties or interest for late payment will be charged in the deferral period.

HMRC have also scaled up their Time to Pay offer to all firms and individuals who are in temporary financial distress as a result of Covid-19 and have outstanding tax liabilities.

Support for businesses who are paying sick pay to employees

We will bring forward legislation to allow small-and medium-sized businesses and employers to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) paid for sickness absence due to COVID-19. The eligibility criteria for the scheme will be as follows:

• this refund will cover up to 2 weeks’ SSP per eligible employee who has been off work because of COVID-19
• employers with fewer than 250 employees will be eligible – the size of an employer will be determined by the number of people they employed as of 28 February 2020
• employers will be able to reclaim expenditure for any employee who has claimed SSP (according to the new eligibility criteria) as a result of COVID-19
• employers should maintain records of staff absences and payments of SSP, but employees will not need to provide a GP fit note. If evidence is required by an employer, those with symptoms of coronavirus can get an isolation note from NHS 111 online and those who live with someone that has symptoms can get a note from the NHS website
• eligible period for the scheme will commence the day after the regulations on the extension of SSP to those staying at home comes into force
• the government will work with employers over the coming months to set up the repayment mechanism for employers as soon as possible

Eligibility

You are eligible for the scheme if:

• your business is UK based
• your business is a small or medium-sized and employs fewer than 250 employees as of 28 February 2020

How to access the scheme

A rebate scheme is being developed. Further details will be provided in due course once the legalisation has passed.

Support for retail, hospitality and leisure businesses that pay business rates

Business rates holiday for retail, hospitality and leisure businesses

We will introduce a business rates holiday for retail, hospitality and leisure businesses in England for the 2020 to 2021 tax year.

Businesses that received the retail discount in the 2019 to 2020 tax year will be rebilled by their local authority as soon as possible.

Eligibility

You are eligible for the business rates holiday if:

• your business is based in England
• your business is in the retail, hospitality and/or leisure sector

Properties that will benefit from the relief will be occupied hereditaments that are wholly or mainly being used:

• as shops, restaurants, cafes, drinking establishments, cinemas and live music venues
• for assembly and leisure
• as hotels, guest & boarding premises and self-catering accommodation

How to access the scheme

There is no action for you. This will apply to your next council tax bill in April 2020. However, local authorities may have to reissue your bill automatically to exclude the business rate charge. They will do this as soon as possible.

You can estimate the business rate charge you will no longer have to pay this year using the business rates calculator.

Further guidance for local authorities is available in the expanded retail discount guidance.

Cash grants for retail, hospitality and leisure businesses

The Retail and Hospitality Grant Scheme provides businesses in the retail, hospitality and leisure sectors with a cash grant of up to £25,000 per property.

For businesses in these sectors with a rateable value of under £15,000, they will receive a grant of £10,000.

For businesses in these sectors with a rateable value of between £15,001 and £51,000, they will receive a grant of £25,000.

Eligibility

You are eligible for the grant if:

• your business is based in England
• your business is in the retail, hospitality and/or leisure sector

Properties that will benefit from the relief will be occupied hereditaments that are wholly or mainly being used:

• as shops, restaurants, cafes, drinking establishments, cinemas and live music venues
• for assembly and leisure
• as hotels, guest and boarding premises and self-catering accommodation

How to access the scheme

You do not need to do anything. Your local authority will write to you if you are eligible for this grant.

Guidance for local authorities on the scheme will be provided shortly.

Any enquiries on eligibility for, or provision of, the reliefs and grants should be directed to the relevant local authority.

Find your local authority.

through the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme

A new temporary Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme, delivered by the British Business Bank, will launch early next week to support primarily small and medium-sized businesses to access bank lending and overdrafts.

The government will provide lenders with a guarantee of 80% on each loan (subject to a per-lender cap on claims) to give lenders further confidence in continuing to provide finance to SMEs. The government will not charge businesses or banks for this guarantee, and the Scheme will support loans of up to £5 million in value.

Eligibility

You are eligible for the scheme if:

• your business is UK based, with turnover of no more than £45 million per year
• your business meets the other British Business Bank eligibility criteria

How to access the scheme

The full rules of the Scheme and the list of accredited lenders is available on the British Business Bank website. All the major banks will offer the Scheme once it has launched. There are 40 accredited providers in all.

You should talk to your bank or finance provider (not the British Business Bank) as soon as possible and discuss your business plan with them. This will help your finance provider to act quickly once the Scheme has launched. If you have an existing loan with monthly repayments you may want to ask for a repayment holiday to help with cash flow.

The scheme will be available from early next week commencing 23 March.

Support for larger firms through the COVID-19 Corporate Financing Facility

Under the new Covid-19 Corporate Financing Facility, the Bank of England will buy short term debt from larger companies.

This will support your company if it has been affected by a short-term funding squeeze, and allow you to finance your short-term liabilities.

It will also support corporate finance markets overall and ease the supply of credit to all firms.

Eligibility

All UK businesses are eligible.

How to access the scheme

The scheme will be available early in week beginning 23 March 2020.

We will provide information on how to access the scheme here shortly.

More information is available from the Bank of England.

Support for businesses paying tax: Time to Pay service

All businesses and self-employed people in financial distress, and with outstanding tax liabilities, may be eligible to receive support with their tax affairs through HMRC’s Time To Pay service.

These arrangements are agreed on a case-by-case basis and are tailored to individual circumstances and liabilities.

Eligibility

You are eligible if your business:

• pays tax to the UK government
• has outstanding tax liabilities

How to access the scheme

If you have missed a tax payment or you might miss your next payment due to COVID-19, please call HMRC’s dedicated helpline: 0800 0159 559.

If you’re worried about a future payment, please call us nearer the time.

Insurance

Businesses that have cover for both pandemics and government-ordered closure should be covered, as the government and insurance industry confirmed on 17 March 2020 that advice to avoid pubs, theatres etc is sufficient to make a claim as long as all other terms and conditions are met.

Insurance policies differ significantly, so businesses are encouraged to check the terms and conditions of their specific policy and contact their providers. Most businesses are unlikely to be covered, as standard business interruption insurance policies are dependent on damage to property and will exclude pandemics.